Take heed to the newest episode of the MindShift podcast to find out about how college students are studying in regards to the broader contributions of Asian Individuals and their activism and what meaning for civic engagement.
Episode Transcript
This can be a computer-generated transcript. Whereas our crew has reviewed it, there could also be errors.
Ki Sung: Welcome to the MindShift Podcast the place we discover the way forward for studying and the way we elevate our youngsters. I’m Ki Sung.
Ki Sung: Right now, I need to take you to a center college in a Los Angeles suburb so you may meet Karalee Wong Nakatsuka, an eighth grade historical past trainer at First Avenue Center Faculty. I visited again in Might, which marked the start of a really particular month.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Morning. Blissful AANHPI Heritage Month. No Telephones!
Ki Sung: Ms. Nakatsuka, greeting college students on the door, was particularly enthusiastic for Asian American Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander Heritage month.
Ki Sung: I’ve identified her for a couple of 12 months now, and let me inform you she may be very enthusiastic about her work.
Karalee Nakatsuka:
So, we’re speaking about citizenship and keep in mind Joanne Furman says citizenship is about belonging.
Ki Sung: This lesson is a couple of Chinese language American man named Wong Kim Ark. Earlier than this 12 months, most individuals hadn’t heard of him. However anybody born in the USA over the previous 127 years – has him and the 14th modification to thank for U.S. citizenship.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Wong Kim Ark was born of Chinese language immigrants. And he says, I’m an American, proper? They usually’re challenged, they take a look at him whether or not or not he may be in America. And what do they are saying? They are saying no.
Ki Sung: Wong, with the help of the Chinese language group in San Francisco, fought for HIS AND their proper to citizenship.
Karalee Nakatsuka: However he challenges it, goes to the Supreme Courtroom, they usually say what? Sure, you might be an American.
Ki Sung: However Asian Individuals like Wong Kim Ark, and their activism, are hardly ever remembered. College students might spend loads of time on social media, however he doesn’t pop up on anybody’s feed. I requested a few of Karalee’s college students about instances they’ve mentioned AAPI historical past exterior of her class.
Scholar: I believe in seventh grade I may need like heard the time period a couple of times,
Scholar: I by no means actually like understood it. I believe the primary time I really began studying about it was in Ms. Nakatsuka’s class.
Scholar: Like, we did Black historical past, clearly, and white historical past. After which additionally Native American.
Scholar: I believe in Virginia once I grew up, I used to be surrounded by like an all white college and we did be taught so much about, like slavery and Black historical past however we by no means realized about something like this.
Ki Sung: These college students are surrounded by info as a result of they’ve telephones and have social media. However AAPI historical past? That’s a more durable topic to find out about. Even of their Asian American households.
Scholar: My mother and father immigrated right here and I used to be born in India. I really feel like general, we simply by no means actually have the possibility to speak about different races and AAPI historical past. We simply are extra secluded, in order that’s why it was for me an enormous deal after we really began studying about extra.
Ki Sung: Arising, what impressed one trainer to talk up about AAPI Historical past. Stick with us.
Ki Sung: Karalee Nakatsuka has been educating historical past since 1990, and brings her personal private historical past to the topic.
Karalee Nakatsuka:
Chinese language exclusion is my jam, as a result of when my grandfather got here, he was a paper son.
Ki Sung: That means, he got here to this nation by asserting that he was a relative of somebody already in the USA. Up till the Chinese language Exclusion Act in 1882, particular immigrant teams weren’t focused by exclusionary legal guidelines – anybody who confirmed up on this nation simply did so. However legal guidelines particularly excluding individuals of Chinese language descent made unattainable issues like civic participation, justice, police safety, truthful wages, dwelling possession. Including to that, there have been racist killings and requires mass deportations all fanned by the media, pitting low wage staff in opposition to each other –
Karalee Nakatsuka: I, myself, as a result of I didn’t perceive historical past in addition to I hope I perceive it higher now, like I’m speaking with my college students, like seeing the patterns, remembering– I imply, I’ve been educating Chinese language exclusion, I believe most likely from the start, however then connecting these strains and connecting to the current, that these view of the perpetual foreigners, view of yellow peril, these attitudes are nonetheless there and it’s actually arduous to shake.
Ki Sung: Regardless of her household historical past, Nakatsuka didn’t simply learn to educate AAPI historical past in a single day. She didn’t instinctively know the way to do that. It required skilled improvement and knowledgeable community – one thing she acquired solely in recent times.
There are a number of applications all through the nation that can prepare lecturers on sure eras of US historical past – the early colonial interval, the American revolution, the civil rights motion. Nevertheless…
Jane Hong: The truth is there’s little or no coaching in Asian American historical past typically,
Ki Sung: That’s Jane Hong, a professor of historical past at Occidental School.
Jane Hong : If you get to Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander histories, there’s even much less coaching and even fewer alternatives and assets I believe, for lecturers, particularly lecturers exterior of Hawaii, sort of the West, you understand.
Ki Sung: For context about her personal college expertise, Professor Hong grew up in a vibrant Asian American group on the East Coast
Jane Hong: I don’t assume I realized any Asian American historical past.
Jane Hong: I did take AP US Historical past. The AP US historical past examination does cowl the sort of best hits model of Asian American historical past so the Chinese language Exclusion Act Japanese American incarceration and that could be it proper it’s actually these two subjects after which generally proper the Spanish American Conflict and so the US colonization of the Philippines however even these subjects don’t go actually deep.
Ki Sung: Final 12 months, she hosted a two-week coaching for about 36 center and highschool lecturers on easy methods to educate AAPI historical past. It was held at Occidental School as a pilot program. So, Why did she develop this program?
Academics, like college students, profit from having a facilitated expertise when studying about any matter.
Ki Sung: In Hong’s coaching, educating methods are taught alongside historical past.
The lecturers learn books, visited historic websites and watched sections of documentary movies, comparable to “Free Chol Soo Lee.” The documentary is a couple of wrongly convicted Korean American man whom police insisted was a Chinatown gang member within the Seventies. The documentary can be in regards to the Asian American activism that helped finally free him from jail.
Instructor Karalee Nakatsuka helped as a grasp trainer in Hong’s coaching. She realized she wanted one thing like this after a pivotal 12 months within the lives of so many: 2020.
Ki Sung: Whereas the homicide of George Floyd sparked a racial reckoning, AAPI hate was steeply rising. Asian Individuals had been blamed for COVID, Asian elders had been pushed violently on sidewalks, generally to their demise. Others onto subway tracks and killed.
Karalee Nakatsuka: My youngsters had been, in the course of the pandemic, somebody yelled Wuhan at them after they had been within the retailer with my husband, with their dad, and like, I believed we had been in a really protected neighborhood.
Karalee Nakatsuka: After which, the Atlanta spa shootings occurred.
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Ki Sung: In March 2021, A white gunman killed 8 individuals, 6 of them girls of Asian descent. Investigators mentioned the killings weren’t racially motivated, however that’s not how Asian American girls perceived it.
Karalee Nakatsuka: And throughout the nation, all these lecturers throughout, as a result of I had met these actually, actually cool individuals vital individuals, historical past individuals, civics individuals, they usually reached out to me from throughout the nation saying, are you okay? And I used to be like, “Oh, yeah, I’m okay. It is best to attain out to your different AAPI of us.” However then I used to be… I used to be like, I’m not okay.
Ki Sung: After a collection of exchanges with skilled buddies, Karalee took motion. She turned extra seen.
Karalee Nakatsuka: This isn’t regular Karalee. That is what Karalee usually does. However I felt so compelled to make use of my voice.
Ki Sung: She additionally turned extra outspoken about her expertise. Like on the Let’s K12 Higher Podcast with host Amber Coleman Mortley.
Amber Coleman Mortley: Does anybody else I simply need to leap in on the query that I had posed or.
Karalee Nakatsuka: I’ll converse up. If you say empathy, that’s like one in all my favourite phrases. And that’s enormous as a result of after Atlanta, individuals, it’s simply all these wounds that we’ve had which were festering that we don’t have a look at. I imply that as Asians, we’re like taught, put your head down and simply do all the things and do it the perfect, do it higher, as a result of we at all times should show ourselves. And so we simply reside our lives and that’s simply how it’s. However we’ve been actually introspective. And we’ve suffered microaggressions and harms and we simply sort of carry on going. However after Atlanta, we’re like, possibly we have to converse up.
Ki Sung: And there was a letter written to colleagues – which loads of Asian American girls did on the time – in an try for understanding from their group.
Karalee Nakatsuka: …and I mentioned, I simply need to let you understand what it’s prefer to be Asian- American throughout this time. And if I learn that letter now, it feels very private, it feels very uncooked and sharing simply experiences of getting the unsuitable report card for my child as a result of they’re giving it to the Asian father or mother or my You recognize, various things, individuals mixing up Asian American individuals. So all these issues got here collectively to only make me really feel like, hey, I would like to reply. So additionally in my classroom, I mentioned I must, I would like to show anti-Asian hate. And these are all issues that I don’t keep in mind being formally taught.
Ki Sung: Karalee’s ardour for AAPI historical past quickly obtained an excellent greater viewers. She was already a Gilda Lehrman California historical past trainer of the 12 months. However then she spoke out at extra conferences and webinars and ran knowledgeable group. She was featured within the New York Occasions and Time Journal. She wrote a guide referred to as “Bringing Historical past and Civics to Life,” which facilities scholar empathy in classes about individuals in American historical past.
Ki Sung: Again in her classroom, historical past from the 1800s feels modern.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Okay, so within the 1870s, what’s the perspective in direction of the Chinese language after the railroad is already constructed? They’re villains.
Karalee Nakatsuka: They’re villains. What else? They’re taking our jobs. They’re taking up our nation. We don’t need them, proper? And because of this anti-Chinese language sentiment from throughout the nation, they resolve, okay, we’re going to exclude the Chinese language. So 1882, Chinese language Exclusion Act. All Chinese language are excluded. However was the 14th Modification nonetheless written in 1882? Yeah, it was written in 1868. So what will we do about that birthright citizenship factor? They usually problem it beneath Wong Kim Ark.
Ki Sung: The 1800s is related once more due to the manager order signed by President Trump in his second time period to redefine birthright citizenship. This govt order is making its approach by the courts proper now AND upends the 127-year outdated utility of birthright citizenship as granting U.S. citizenship to people born inside the USA.
Nakatsuka makes use of the information to make historical past extra relatable by an train. She begins by exhibiting slides and video clips to assist clarify the manager order.
Karalee Nakatsuka: On his first day in workplace, President Donald Trump despatched an govt order to finish common birthright citizenship and restrict it at beginning to individuals with not less than one father or mother who’s a everlasting resident or citizen.
Ki Sung: The president needs to grant citizenship based mostly on the mother and father’ immigration standing.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Trump’s transfer may upend a 120-year-old Supreme Courtroom precedent.
Ki Sung: Nakasutka has the scholars apply the manager order to actual or fictitious individuals.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Get out your post-it notes and have a look at what Trump is saying about who’s allowed to be in America
Ki Sung: She then asks her college students to put in writing down these names, whereas she takes a poster and attracts two columns: a “sure” column and a “no” column.
Karalee Nakatsuka: So if in keeping with the Trump order, your individual may be in America, that’s a sure
Ki Sung: Would that individual be a citizen beneath the manager order? Or not.
Karalee Nakatsuka: And in keeping with His govt order, your individual wouldn’t be, they should have one father or mother who’s a everlasting resident or citizen.
Ki Sung: The scholars talk about amongst themselves the individuals they selected and what class they fall into. Then, whereas the scholars begin placing their Submit-it notes within the sure or no columns, Nakatsuka shares insights about herself about who in her household could be thought-about a citizen beneath the manager order.
Karalee Nakatsuka: So loads of no’s are like my mother, like my mother wouldn’t have been in a position to be a citizen.
Does this order have an effect on us? Yeah, it does. I imply it depends upon individuals that you simply that you simply that you simply selected, proper? so.
Trump, Trump’s birthright order, if it was again when my mother was being born, my all my uncles and aunties wouldn’t be right here, then I wouldn’t be right here in the event that they weren’t allowed to be residents.
Ki Sung: Nakatsuka reminds them in regards to the central query on this exercise.
Karalee Nakatsuka: You may know some buddies, it could be your mother and father, proper? And in order that birthright citizen order is rather like how we seemed on the previous. Who’s allowed to be right here, who’s not allowed to be right here? Who belongs in America, who’s a part of the we? Proper?
Ki Sung: Among the college students’ post-its beneath the NOs, as in, no, they wouldn’t be residents beneath the manager order are “mother,” “dad,” “My buddies” and “Wong Kim Ark.”
On the root of this lesson in historical past, although, is a lesson college students can apply on daily basis.
Karalee Nakatsuka: Alright, so citizenship is about belonging. What sort of America will we need to be? And we’ve been speaking about that from the start, proper? To start with , who’s the we?
Ki Sung: Studying about AAPI historical past has broader implications, Right here’s professor Jane Hong once more.
Jane Hong: Due to Asian American’s very particular historical past of being excluded from US citizenship, studying how a lot it took for people to have the ability to interact sort of within the political course of but additionally simply in society extra typically, understanding that historical past I’d hope would encourage them to make the most of the the rights and the privileges that they do have understanding how many individuals have fought and died for his or her proper to take action like for me that that’s probably the most sort of weighty and vital classes of US historical past
Ki Sung: And this understanding isn’t nearly AAPI historical past, however all American historical past.
Jane Hong: I believe the extra you perceive about your individual historical past and the place you match into sort of bigger American society, the extra probably it’s that you’ll really feel some sort of connection and need to interact in like what you may name civic society.
Ki Sung: A few dozen states have necessities to make AAPI historical past a part of the curriculum in Okay-12 faculties. When you’re on the lookout for methods to be taught extra about AAPI historical past, Jane Hong has a few assets for you.
Jane Hong: One docuseries that I at all times advocate is the Asian-Individuals docuseries on PBS. It’s 5 episodes, covers a protracted expanse of Asian-American historical past.
Ki Sung: Her second useful resource advice?
Jane Hong: The AAPI multimedia textbook that’s printed and being printed by the UCLA Asian American Research Middle. It’s a huge enterprise with actually dozens and dozens of historians, students from throughout the USA and the world. It’s peer reviewed, so all the things that’s written by of us is peer reviewed by different specialists within the subject.
Ki Sung: For Jane and others dedicated to Asian American Pacific Islander historical past, the hope is that the complexity of American historical past is healthier understood.
Ki Sung: The MindShift crew consists of me, Ki Sung, Nimah Gobir, Marlena Jackson-Retondo and Marnette Federis. Our editor is Chris Hambrick. Seth Samuel is our sound designer. Jen Chien is our head of podcasts. Katie Sprenger is podcast operations supervisor and Ethan Toven Lindsey is our editor in chief. We obtain further help from Maha Sanad.
MindShift is supported partly by the generosity of the William & Flora Hewlett Basis and members of KQED. This episode was made doable by the Stuart Basis.
Some members of the KQED podcast crew are represented by The Display Actors Guild, American Federation of Tv and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Native.
